The Clean Air Task Force (CATF) is pushing the boundaries of sustainable aviation by exploring diverse technological solutions, from hydrogen-powered aircraft to synthetic fuels. Their vision is built around multiple pathways for decarbonisation, aiming to address the needs of different regions based on their unique geographic and economic factors. Here are five key areas where CATF is driving the future of sustainable aviation.
- Hydrogen vs. Electric Aviation
Hydrogen-powered aircraft hold the promise of zero-emission flights, a concept that excites CATF experts. As CATF’s Walker notes, “The idea of powering an aircraft with a fuel that doesn’t have any carbon at all is very appealing. It’s not about net zero; it’s zero from the start.” However, significant infrastructure challenges—such as the need to redesign airport gates and fuel lines—pose hurdles. Meanwhile, electric aviation is seen as a viable option only for short-distance flights with small aircraft, and its potential for medium to long-haul routes is limited due to battery constraints.
- Policy Support for Synthetic Fuel Adoption
CATF advocates for a range of policy measures to accelerate the adoption of synthetic fuels, including incentives for hydrogen production, support for CO2 capture technology, and clean fuel standards. As Walker explains, these standards would create a credit system, rewarding low-carbon fuel producers and pushing dirtier fuels to purchase credits, driving market incentives for cleaner alternatives. Research and development funding is also critical to improving synthetic fuel efficiency and reducing costs.
- The Case for Ammonia as a Fuel
Ammonia, with its high hydrogen content, offers another intriguing option for sustainable aviation. While ammonia is easier to store and has higher energy density than liquid hydrogen, its toxicity and the need for specialized engines are significant challenges. Walker suggests that ammonia could first be tested in cargo operations before being introduced to passenger flights. Although a report from the Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research has cast doubt on ammonia’s readiness, CATF remains interested in exploring this fuel’s potential.
- Carbon Management’s Role in Aviation
Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) plays a pivotal role in CATF’s strategy for decarbonizing aviation. As Beck explains, CCS is not only crucial for reducing industrial emissions but also for supporting the production of synthetic fuels. By integrating CCS technologies into fuel production processes, CATF envisions a more comprehensive approach to lowering aviation’s carbon footprint.
- The Need for a Diverse Approach
Ultimately, CATF’s approach to sustainable aviation is defined by its willingness to explore multiple solutions simultaneously. As Beck emphasizes, “We need as many decarbonisation options as possible so each country or region can decarbonise and transform its energy system with the solutions that are most suited for its individual geographic resources and economic circumstances.”
By investigating hydrogen, ammonia, synthetic fuels, and carbon management, CATF is laying the groundwork for a future where aviation can thrive without contributing to climate change.
